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2020年07月10日

Ph.D.ネリ・コイチェヴァ講座 第3回

Ph.D. Neli Koycheva
July 4th, 2020

Some historical facts of the
classical singing – part one

Lecture No3

Ever since at the farthest historical times, people have created songs. Some of these songs
were hymns glorifying the Gods, others were exposing the sorrow in times of funeral
ceremonies, and also there were songs, performed in holidays, or competitions too.

• In the Ancient Greece, singing was accompanied with an instrument: for example lire, trigonon, magadis and others.
Throughout the history, there are names of Ancient Greek singers memorized: Terpander, Stesichorus, and others.

Ever since at the farthest historical times, people have created songs. Some of these songs
were hymns glorifying the Gods, others were exposing the sorrow in times of funeral
ceremonies, and also there were songs, performed in holidays, or competitions too.

• There are historical facts about
the art of singing in the Ancient Rome as well.
Three types of a singing school can be found in that period:

  1. Vociferarril – teachers who used to work on the vocal diapason.
  2. Phonashi – teachers, working of the vocal resonance.
  3. Vocales – teachers of the vocal aesthetics.

• The historic data of the vocal art in the 15th century is not so rich, though it is known that
the singers used the imitation as a voice method. In that period mainly professional singing
was the church singing. The voice was required to be at the same time strong but tender, but
also light. Same time the voice making should be never from the nose or from the throat.

• Throughout the Renascence all of the arts in Italy have an active development. Each of us
are aware of the names of Dante, , Boccaccio, Petrarca, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo,
Raffaello, Tiziano, and others as well. All of these authors have been influenced by the
Renaissance’ idea of humanism. Making thus a new way of understanding out of the
Ancient Greek’s ideas of art.
As a big cultural center in the 16th century used to occur in Florence. The music school
Camerata Florentine had been created. It was also known as Camerata de Bardi, that came
out of the name of Count de Bardi. In his home many artists usually gathered for discussing
the arts. The members of this activity were the poet and philosopher Ottavio Runaccini, the
composers Jacobo Peri, Giulio Caccini, Emilio de Cavalieri, Pietro Strozzi, and the lutenist
Vincenzo Galilei.
Most important of this period are:
⁃ The lyrics have been defined as main element in the vocal music, that confirms
the rhythm and melody.
⁃ The basic concepts is that the singer became a soloist and artist. The singer
can creates characters and roles on the stage and is not only a part of the music picture.

⁃ Leonardo da Vinci had represented the first model of the larynx.
⁃ Theoretical compositions about singing had been
created. An example is the book “Nuove Musiche” by Caccini. ‘‘
This book includes ancient madrigals and theory where Caccini
explains the rules of the singing. Some examples of his remarks are
“to be spoken musically”, “clear diction and correct intonation” and
others.
Coloratura passages were used only where it is not being an obstacle
of the text’s pronunciation.
⁃ Some of the earliest Italian operas have been written.
Such as Jacolo Peri’s “Dafne”. “Eurodice” by Caccini, and others.
⁃ The concept of “Dramma per musica” has been
established. Thus had been called the operas in Florence at this
period of time.
Gradually, singing schools had been sprung up at Rome, Venice, Milan, and Naples. The art
of singing was developing very actively throughout the whole Italy at the end of 16th century,
and the beginning of 17th century.

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